Kata is an exercise performed individually by karate-ka (practitioners of karate) consisting of precisely defined sequences of techniques in different directions, with perhaps 20 to 40 techniques in each sequence (or kata). Most oriental martial arts utilise this type of exercise, for example the forms of Tai-Chi, the patterns of Taekwondo and, of course, the kata of Karate.
There are a number of reasons for practising kata. It gives us a vehicle that we can use to improve a number of skills, for example, power, precision, focus, speed, intent/zanshin. From the point of view of Karate-do kata can be seen as a form of moving meditation. The pursuit of excellence in striving to perform a kata correctly is an excellent tool in the training of both mind and body. From the point of view of Karate-jutsu kata can be viewed as a catalogue of effective self-defence techniques, a summation of the real life experiences of generations of karate-ka.
Three Important Elements of Kata
1. The application of strength at the correct stance.
2. The control of speed in and between techniques.
3. The smooth transition of the body from one technique to the next.
Shotokan Katas
Original Okinawan names are in brackets.
Name | Translation |
Heian Shodan | Peaceful One |
Heian Nidan | Peaceful Two |
Heian Sandan | Peaceful Three |
Heian Yondan | Peaceful Four |
Heian Godan | Peaceful Five |
Tekki Shodan (Naihanchi) | Steel Horse Riding One |
Tekki Nidan | Steel Horse Riding Two |
Tekki Sandan | Steel Horse Riding Three |
Bassai Dai | Extract from a fortress One |
Jion | |
Enpi | Flying Swallow |
Jutte/Jitte | Ten Hands/Technique Hands |
Hangetsu (Seisan) | Half Moon |
Kanku Dai (Kushanku) | The View of the Sky Major |
Gankaku (Chinto) | Rock Crane |
Jiin | Mercy and Kindness |
Bassai Sho | Extract from a fortress Minor |
Kanku Sho | The View of the Sky Minor |
Chinte | Unusual Hands |
Wankan (Matsukaze) | King's Crown |
Sochin | Energetic Calm |
Meikyo (Rohai) | Bright Mirror |
Gojushiho Sho (Useishi) | 54 Steps Minor |
Gojushiho Dai | 54 Steps Major |
Unsu (Unshu) | Cloud Hands |
Nijushiho (Niseishi) | 24 Steps |